Node Addon
Node addons are commonly used to wrap native C++ code and make that code available to javascript. Think of it as the glue between c++ and node.js.
One way to extend financialcpp is to write your own modules in C++ and compile your own extended version of financialcpp. In addition to compiling the C++ library, you'll also have to recompile the Node Addon bindings to expose this new functionality to javascript (you'll also probably need to extend graphql and UI code as well).
It sounds overwhelming, but don't worry, we have a pretty good guide here on how to extend financialcpp. We also would welcome any extensions into the official repo!